Abstract: This field investigation has revealed that although vulnerable children are guaranteed certain welfare rights, there are still such as insufficient basic living security for scattered children in need, limited policy coverage for medical assistance, uneven development of rehabilitation support, and unbalanced support for educational assistance. The primary obstacle to realizing the welfare rights of urban children in distress is the poverty of welfare rights, which is manifested in the low degree of realization of welfare rights, the obstruction of the implementation of welfare policies, and the lack of stable legal protection of welfare rights. To address the poverty of welfare rights, a social security system should be established from the perspective of “poverty alleviation” based on the principle of equal value and the goal of meeting children’s needs. The division of labor and cooperation of multiple welfare supply entities should be based on the realization of children’s welfare rights. Furthermore, it also calls for an evaluation standard that effectively guarantees the realization of the welfare rights of vulnerable children through a universal welfare system.

Key words: welfare rights, rights poverty, social security, vulnerable children