社会工作与管理 ›› 2013, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 49-54.

• 社会工作 • 上一篇    下一篇

从清末辫子革命看政府的危机应对

苏全有,李伊波   

  1. 河南师范大学历史文化学院, 河南 新乡, 453007
  • 出版日期:2013-09-15 发布日期:2013-09-15
  • 作者简介:苏全有(1966—),男,汉族,教授,博士;主要研究方向:中国近代史。
  • 基金资助:

    教育部人文社会科学研究2008年度规划项目“清末社会危机与政府应对”(08JA770009)。

The Late Qing Dynasty Governments Crisis Response to Braids Revolution

 SU  Quan-You, LI  Yi-Bo   

  1. Institute of History and Culture, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007,  china
  • Online:2013-09-15 Published:2013-09-15

摘要: 摘要: 从政府视角切入清末辫子革命的研究较少。清政府在应对危机时存在诸多问题,集中表现在三个方面:一是舆论失控,即舆论对蓄辫政策和禁止剪辫命令的抨击,报刊舆论对1904年推行剪辫易服的误传;二是制律无效,令行而禁不止,禁止剪辫令在军、警、政界的失效,载涛、荫昌等对剪辫的纵容和放任,载沣的不作为;三是政令不一,陆军部主剪而学部等禁剪。清政府未能顺应时代潮流,没有把自下而上的辫子革命转为自上而下的运作,也就无法维护政府权威,增加民众认同。这是清政府危机应对失误和缺乏政治智慧的表现。

关键词: 清末, 剪辫风潮, 危机应对, 舆论失控, 辫子革命

Abstract: Abstract: There are few studies on the late Qing Dynastys braids revolution carried out from the perspective of the government. There were many problems with the Qing government in handling the crisis, which concentrated in three areas: First, the public opinion got out of control, that is, the public opinion fustigated the policies of storing braid and forbidding braid cutting, and the Press misinformed the movement of cutting braid and simplifying clothing in 1904. Second, the legal system became invalid, namely, the command was prohibited repeatedly, the negligence of duty in the military, police, politicians, including the connivance and laissezfaire of ZAI Tao and YIN Chang, and the nonfeasance of ZAI Feng. Third, the government decrees didnt fit in with each other. For example, the ministry of army promoted the decree while the Education Department and others forbad. The Qing government failed to meets the trend of the times. It didnt turn the bottomup braid revolution into the topdown operation so it was unable to maintain the authority of the government and increase the publics recognition. The revolution shows the Qing governments errors of handling crisis and lack of political wisdom.

Key words:  the late Qing Dynasty, braid cutting trend, emergency handling, public opinion getting out of control, braid revolution

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