影像发声法在精神障碍患者社区康复需求评估中的应用与启示

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在社会治理现代化背景下，精准回应服务使用者的真实需求是精神卫生服务提质增效的重要命题。然而，这一领域长期存在传统需求评估方法对于服务使用者视角的缺位，即难以有效捕捉这一人群的主体性表达与需求优先顺序。文章以上海市S社区阳光心园为实践场域，创新性地将参与式行动研究方法——影像发声法应用于精神障碍社区康复患者的需求评估实践，以挖掘服务使用者的主体性。研究发现，该方法不仅显著提升了精神障碍者的主体表达能力，更深度分析出他们在疾病自我管理、支持性就业及消除社会歧视等七个方面的迫切需求。这为赋能残疾人社会工作及广义的精神卫生事业提供了有效的实践路径，也为回应“健康中国”战略的人本诉求构建了包容共享、主体回归、系统整合的社区康复生态。

关键词: 影像发声法, 服务使用者, 需求评估, 精神障碍者

Abstract: Mental health constitutes a major public health and social concern, significantly impacting economic and social development as well as individual well-being. The efficacy of addressing this challenge largely hinges on the extent to which the needs of service users are met. Guided by a service-user perspective, this study applies Photovoice: a participatory action research method to assess the rehabilitation needs of individuals with mental disorders in a community-based setting within the “Sunshine Heart Garden”project in Community S, Shanghai. Through the construction of a program logic model and the analysis of need-assessment results, the research systematically evaluated the applicability and effectiveness of the Photovoice approach. Findings reveal that Photovoice has significantly enhanced participants’ agency and capacity for self-expression, while effectively identifying their rehabilitation needs across several domains, including: disease self-management training, perceived need for rehabilitation services, reduction of social stigma, alleviation of family caregiving burdens, attainment of valued social roles, access to high-quality psychological services, and supported employment opportunities. Furthermore, the Photovoice approach has facilitated the development of a service-user-centered mechanism for community rehabilitation. This study contributes methodological innovation to advancing mental health service provision and refining community-based rehabilitation systems, while also expanding the theoretical frameworks and operational approaches for need assessment in the empirical research paradigm of social work.

Key words: Photovoice, service users, needs assessment, people with mental disorders

中图分类号:

C916

韩央迪, 陈蓉蓉. 影像发声法在精神障碍患者社区康复需求评估中的应用与启示[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2026, 26(3): 25-35.

HAN Yangdi, CHEN Rongrong. Photovoice as a Participatory Tool: Transforming Needs Assessment in Community Psychiatric Rehabilitation[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2026, 26(3): 25-35.

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