重返社会工作经典研究：探析“人在环境中”理论内涵与方法拓展

社会工作与管理 ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 19-29.

重返社会工作经典研究：探析“人在环境中”理论内涵与方法拓展

杨威威

华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院, 上海, 200237

收稿日期:2017-09-12 出版日期:2018-03-15 发布日期:2018-03-20
作者简介:杨威威(1994-),男,汉族,硕士研究生;主要研究方向:社会工作理论,社会组织与社会治理。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会治理背景下我国社会工作行动本土化理论框架与实践体系研究”(16ZDA084)；国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国特色社会体制改革与社会治理创新研究”(16ZDA078)；国家社会科学基金青年项目“城市社区社会工作理论创新及整合行动体系构建研究”(17CSH051)。

Back to Social Work Classic Study: Exploring the Theoretical Connotation and Methodology Development of “Person in Environment”

Yang Weiwei

Social and Public Administration School, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

Received:2017-09-12 Online:2018-03-15 Published:2018-03-20
Supported by:

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运用知识考古学方法，通过详细爬梳百年社会工作最具影响力的概念“人在环境中”的理论内涵及其拓展的实务方法文本，发现在理论内涵层面存在“机械学”和“伦理学”两种不同的应用“人在环境中”的理论旨趣，基于两种旨趣拓展出的实务方法之间也显示出明显的张力。运用韦伯关于理想类型的考察方法探析“人在环境中”可以得知，两种旨趣在认识论和方法论上的矛盾，源自于“人在环境中”理想类型中本身所蕴含的主观价值性和客观有效性的张力。当代西方社会工作学术界通过立足于实践论，即社会工作的实践责任，在实用主义的理念下试图协调“人在环境中”的主观价值性和客观有效性。面对当前中国社会工作学科发展日益走入崭新阶段，应当重新返回西方社会工作经典文本中，总结西方社会工作发展过程中的经验得失，在其基础上追求中国社会工作理论创新，为世界社会工作知识谱系注入中国智慧。

关键词: 人在环境中, 机械学, 伦理学, 理想类型, 主观价值性, 客观有效性

Abstract: In this paper, using the method of knowledge archeology, we detailed the most influential concept of social work for a hundred years, namely, the theoretical connotation of "person in the environment" and the substantive method texts for their expansion. It is found that tension exists between "mechanics" and "ethics", reflecting the gap in the approaches based on two purposes. Using Weber's research method of ideal type, we can see that the contradiction between epistemology and methodology in the two kinds of purports, which is rooted in the subjective value and objective validity inherent in the ideal type of "person in the environment". Contemporary Western social work academia attempts to reconcile the subjective value and objective validity of "person in the environment" by practicing the theory of practice, that is, the practical responsibility of social work under the concept of pragmatism. Faced with the current situation of China's social work disciplines increasingly entering a new stage, the author thinks that we should return to the classic text of Western social work and summarize the experience gained and lost in the development of Western social work. Based on that, Chinese social work could pursue its innovation, thus injecting Chinese wisdom into the knowledge of worldwide social work.

Key words: person in the environment (PIE), mechanics, ethics, ideal type, subjective value, objective validity

中图分类号:

C916

杨威威. 重返社会工作经典研究：探析“人在环境中”理论内涵与方法拓展[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2018, 18(2): 19-29.

Yang Weiwei. Back to Social Work Classic Study: Exploring the Theoretical Connotation and Methodology Development of “Person in Environment”[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2018, 18(2): 19-29.

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