乔姆斯基最简方案下的合并句法

社会工作与管理 ›› 2019, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 102-107.

乔姆斯基最简方案下的合并句法

王和玉

广东工业大学外国语学院, 广东广州, 510006

收稿日期:2018-04-02 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15
作者简介:王和玉(1974-),女,汉族,副教授,博士;主要研究方向:句法学,语言哲学。
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“乔姆斯基心智哲学思想体系研究”（18YJC740005）。

Merge-based Derivation in Chomskyan Minimalism

WANG Heyu

School of Foreign Languages, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China

Received:2018-04-02 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 最简方案下的合并句法将人类语言视为运算系统，合理简洁地解释了语言的递归型和层级性。语言运算系统可能存在外合并、内合并、晚合并、并行合并等不同方式。外合并是基于选择关系的一般合并。内合并则是基于一致关系的运算，实质上是复制+再合并，可解释语言的音义错位现象。晚合并和并行合并都牵涉运算工作区和并行运算，能解释不同合并时间和合并次序对句法结构的影响。集合合并与序偶合并的结果要被界面有效解读，都有赖于合并结果的有效加标，理论上最好合二为一。关于合并与加标的关系，一种可能是取消加标机制，进一步探索合并运算如何直接生成满足界面条件、体现语言递归性的向心结构；另一种可能是将合并句法发展为加标句法，主张加标是人类语言的独特属性。

关键词: 最简句法, 合并, 语言运算系统, 加标

Abstract: Merge-based derivation in Chomskyan minimalism assumes human language as a computational system, giving a reasonable and concise explanation of the recursion and hierarchy of language. There exist such different structure-building modes as External Merge, Internal Merge, Late Merge and Parallel Merge. External Merge represents the generally selectional relation between lexical items and Internal Merge proceeds under agree between probe and goal. Internal Merge is essentially copy plus remerge and explains the dislocation phenomenon of language. Late Merge and Parallel Merge, both involving operation work zone and parallel operations, explain how the time and order of different merges define the generated structure. There is no conceptual need to postulate both Set-Merge and Pair-Merge since a label is needed in order for the structure of either modes of merge to be properly interpreted at the interfaces. As to the relation between merge and label, a choice has to be made between (i) to explore how merge, without resorting to label, directly generates endocentric and recursive structures and (ii) to replace merge derivation by label syntax, explaining how label distinguishes human language from other communicational systems.

Key words: minimalism, merge, language computational system, label

中图分类号:

王和玉. 乔姆斯基最简方案下的合并句法[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2019, 19(3): 102-107.

WANG Heyu. Merge-based Derivation in Chomskyan Minimalism[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2019, 19(3): 102-107.

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