Abstract: The background of globalization in social reform, the social reform process that our country has undergone since its founding, and the experience reveal that the core problem that contemporary China has to solve in social reform consists in target model. We put forward the “selfgoverning social system” and three stages leading to the objectives of social system reform on the basis of the ideal of “Community of Freeman” in human society presented by Karl Marx. The current stage of social system reform is the process of transition from “strong state weak society” to “strong state strong society”. In order to achieve this transition, the relevant idea, method, subject and mechanism should be changed.

Key words: social system reform, scientific development, selfgoverning social system