Abstract: The scientific assessment of the implementation characteristics and effectiveness of family policies in China is essential to improving their applicability. Using content analysis, we constructed a three-dimensional framework of “policy instruments-policy objectives-governance subjects” to analyze the family policy texts issued by the central government from 1987 to 2021. We explored the typological characteristics, evolutionary trajectories, value tendencies, and inherent shortcomings of family policy instruments in China. The findings are as follows: Firstly, in terms of policy instruments, family policies in China exhibit characteristics such as a predominance of authoritative tools and capacity-building tools, uneven use of motivational and persuasive tools, and a shortage of systemic change tools. Secondly, in terms of policy objectives, family policies focus mainly on child development, work-family balance, and assistance for special families. There was a lack of attention to elderly care and housing security, and there is a phenomenon of distinguishing between ordinary and special families. Thirdly, in terms of governance subjects, family policies are primarily government-led, neglecting social participation. The coupling of policy instruments with social organizations is relatively low. Therefore, it is suggested that, firstly, the precision of family policy tools should be improved, and the combined effect should be optimized. Secondly, the coupling between family policy instruments and governance subjects should be improved with the guidance of multi-faceted shared governance. Finally, the policy objectives should be reasonably planned to achieve family welfare growth.

Key words: family policy, policy instruments, textual analysis