高抗逆力的家庭结构与生效机制研究——基于对长期患病家庭的质性分析

社会工作与管理 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 42-52.

高抗逆力的家庭结构与生效机制研究——基于对长期患病家庭的质性分析

同雪莉

西北大学马克思主义学院, 陕西西安, 710127

收稿日期:2019-03-19 出版日期:2020-01-15 发布日期:2020-01-02
作者简介:同雪莉(1976-),女,汉族,教授,博士;主要研究方向:社会心理学。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金一般项目“西北困境儿童抗逆力生成及福利服务研究”（17XSH014）。

A Study of Family Structure and Effective Mechanism of High Resilience: Based on the Qualitative Analysis of Families Plagued by Prolonged Illness

TONG Xueli

School of Marxism, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710127, China

Received:2019-03-19 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2020-01-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 家庭是个体应对风险的最后一座壁垒，风险社会中的家庭抗逆力研究对于社会稳定发展和个体有效应对具有重要意义。家庭结构决定了家庭内外资源的凝聚与互动方式，是家庭抗逆力的核心要素。采用家谱图分析法对46例长期患病家庭进行深度访谈以考察怎样的家庭构建更有利于抵御和化解外部风险压力，并总结出每类家庭抗逆力的核心结构。研究发现，高抗逆力的家庭结构呈现出核心三角模式、夫妻共同体模式和流动与协作模式；中等抗逆力的家庭结构表现为相对独立的合作模式、冲突与联盟共存的矛盾模式及责任分配的协作模式；而低抗逆力家庭则表现为松散或断裂的代际失能模式及松散或冲突的子代失能模式。高抗逆力家庭的生效机制表现为良好的家庭关系促进了家庭功能的恢复与重整，清晰而明确的家长协商地位保障了有效的家庭互动模式，核心三角与主干家庭的灵活调整为家庭抗逆提供了多种抗逆模式的选择，夫妻主轴能动性则是家庭禀赋发挥作用的关键。

关键词: 家庭结构, 家庭抗逆力, 家谱图分析, 抗逆模式

Abstract: Family is the last barrier for individuals to cope with external risks. The study of family resilience in risk society exerts tremendously significant impact on stable social development and effective individual response. As the core element of family resilience, family structure determines agglomeration and interaction of resources both inside and outside a family. So what kind of family structure is more conducive to resisting the pressure from external risks? Based on the in-depth interviews with 46 families plagued by prolonged illness, the primary structure of each type of family's resilience was summarized in this study. The findings demonstrate that family structure with high resilience is characterized by modes of core triangular relationship, the couple-community as well as mobility and collaboration, while a relatively independent mode of cooperation, the conflict mode in which conflict and alliance coexist and the cooperation mode of responsibility distribution are presented in the family structure with moderate resilience. As for the family structure with low resilience, loose or broken intergenerational disability patterns and loose or conflicting progeny disability patterns are obvious. The features of an effective mechanism of high-resistance families are as follows: favorable family relationship that promotes the recovery and reforming of family functioning, clear and precise parental negotiating status that guarantees the effectiveness of family interaction mode, as well as the flexible changes in the core triangle and the stem family that provide a variety of resilience models for families. What's more, the couple's core initiative plays a key role in functioning of advantageous resources in a family.

Key words: family structure, family resilience, genealogical analysis, resilience mode

中图分类号:

C916

同雪莉. 高抗逆力的家庭结构与生效机制研究——基于对长期患病家庭的质性分析[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2020, 20(1): 42-52.

TONG Xueli. A Study of Family Structure and Effective Mechanism of High Resilience: Based on the Qualitative Analysis of Families Plagued by Prolonged Illness[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2020, 20(1): 42-52.

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