底层权力、福利立法与管制——派文、克洛伍德福利思想研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 派文与克洛伍德沿着社会阶层理论脉络讨论美国福利国家建设问题，指出底层民众的抗争运动是促成美国福利立法的关键，但福利立法又构成了对于底层民众的管制。派文等人揭示了底层抗争影响福利立法的机制以及福利立法救助功能与管制功能之间的辩证关系。在派文等人看来抗争运动是底层权力重要表现形式，在经济危机等经济、社会背景下，底层抗争运动通过影响选举政治发挥作用，促成美国福利立法。派文等人并不否认福利立法的救助功能，但是进一步指出福利治理有造成底层民众社会孤立，消解福利救助功能的危险。派文等人的理论讨论对我国福利立法、基层治理实践与研究具有极强的借鉴意义。

关键词: 底层权力, 福利立法, 基层治理

Abstract: Piven and Cloward discussed the construction of welfare state in the United States along the social class perspective. They pointed out that the protest movements of the people at the bottom was the main force to promote the welfare legislation in the United States, and in return the welfare legislation became the regulation power to the people at the bottom. Through interpretation the relevant works of Piven and Cloward, this paper reveals the mechanism of the underclass protests affecting welfare legislation and the dialectical relationship between the welfare legislative relief function and the control function. According to Piven and Cloward, the protests is the manifestation of the power from below. In economic crisis, the bottom-level protest movements influence American electoral politics and affect the United States welfare legislation. Piven and Cloward did not deny the relief function of welfare, but further pointed out that welfare governance has the risk of causing social isolation of the people at the bottom and eliminating the legislation's relief function. Piven and Cloward’s theoretical perspective is helpful to understanding our country's welfare legislation, grass-roots governance practice and research.

Key words: Power from Below, welfare legislation, grass-roots governance

中图分类号:

C916

丰宝宾. 底层权力、福利立法与管制——派文、克洛伍德福利思想研究[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2020, 20(6): 89-96.

FENG Baobin. Power from Below, Welfare Legislation and Regulation: The Study of Piven and Cloward’s Welfare Thought[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2020, 20(6): 89-96.

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