从英雄主义到平民关怀：社会工作伦理的反思与重构

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 伦理价值一直被视为社会工作这门学科的核心，尤其是在场景化的专业化发展道路和全球化背景的影响下，中国本土社会工作急需发展扎根在地的伦理价值知识。为此，有必要从专业服务角度出发，考察社会工作伦理与专业服务的内在关系。通过回顾西方社会工作伦理的发展历史发现，西方社会工作伦理在经历了普世化的精英主义伦理和英雄主义伦理之后，受后现代建构主义逻辑的启发，开始关注场景化的专业实践，出现注重日常生活安排的生活关怀以及差异化和多元化生活的平民关怀。然而，这样的西方伦理却难以协调无限理性要求下的无条件关怀与人们有限耐心和智慧的矛盾，需要中国本土社会工作汲取中国文化的有限理性假设，促使平民关怀与场景化专业实践的深度结合，让中国本土社会工作的专业化发展不仅拥有现实生活基础，而且拥有文化伦理价值的反思能力。

关键词: 社会工作伦理, 场景化专业实践, 有限理性, 英雄主义, 平民关怀

Abstract: Ethical value has been regarded as the core of social work, especially for the professional practice in context and globalization, social work in China needs a solid knowledge of ethical values urgently. Therefore, it is necessary to figure out internal relations between social work ethics and professional services. Through the development of western social work ethics, it is found that after the universal ethics of elitism and heroism, inspired by the post-modern constructivism, its social work ethics began to take professional context practice into account, contributing to life care focusing on the daily arrangement as well as civilian care emphasizing difference and diversity. However, such ethics is difficult to coordinate the relations between unconditional care under the infinite rationality and people’s limited patience and wisdom. It requires local social work to absorb the limited rationality hypothesis of Chinese culture and promote the in-depth combination of civilian care and context practice, enabling the professional development of Chinese social work to be connected with people’s real life and to show its reflection on cultural ethical values.

Key words: social work ethics, professional practice in context, limited rationality, heroism, civilian care

中图分类号:

C916

童敏, 吴宝红. 从英雄主义到平民关怀：社会工作伦理的反思与重构[J]. 社会工作与管理, 2022, 22(4): 5-12.

TONG Min, WU Baohong. From Heroism to Civilian Care: Reflection and Reconstruction of Social Work Ethics[J]. SOCIAL WORK AND MANAGEMENT, 2022, 22(4): 5-12.

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