At the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, governance was established as the ruling policy and governing philosophy for comprehensively deepening reforms in the new era. It plays an important role in strategically planning social work in terms of its historical orientation, implementation and development. To develop China social work against the background of social governance, we must adhere to the strategic judgment that social work is in its primary stage, keep to the direction of Chinese characteristics, highlight the construction of service system and the improvement of service capabilities, and rely on the functioning of market and government. In addition, we must focus on serving the needy, social construction, political, economic and cultural ecology, and the Partys construction, deal with the relationship between the government and the market, the government and the society, the central and local governments, and participate in systematic governing, legal governing, comprehensive governing and governing at the root. At present, to promote social work, we must focus on system design, service supplier cultivation, resources integration and creation of environment.

Social work is closely related to social governance and can play an important role in social governance innovation. The 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC laid out four strategic missions for innovating social governance system, namely reforming social governance approach, invigorating social organizations, revising the system for effectively preventing and resolving social contradictions, and improving public security system. In all these aspects social work can effectively intervene and play its unique role. Therefore it is an urgent task to increase the cultivation of social workers, strengthening the education of social work managers, and quicken the cultivation of social work teachers and researchers.  

The localization of social work is a spontaneous and collective academic orientation and pragmatic guidance in the theoretical development and practical promotion of social work. The legitimacy of constructing the native knowledge for social work lies in: 1) correlation of cultural values, 2) discourse process and valuabilitylegitimacy dialogue, 3) ideology, political practice and legitimacy defense, and 4) reflective and effective construction of native knowledge and experience. The principles governing native knowledge construction include: 1) conforming to indigenous experience and meeting realistic actual need, 2) communicating with western knowledge and conducting conversations, and 3) observing and transcending traditions of native cultural resources exploitation and cultivation. The approach to native knowledge construction path consists in: 1) “native fitness” and “structural affinity”, 2) cultural selfconsciousness, autonomous practice and reflective construction, 3) concentration on “identity problem” and creative transformation, and 4) realization of history in theorization―culture embedded. The realization of social work localization requires symbolic resources and social representation and value systems derived through creative transformation as well as the meaning generation modes, the basis of speech effectiveness, meaning generation rules and social intervening strategies in social work under the Chinese cultural background.

Chinas social service is developing towards service purchase by government and social work service is an important entry on the list of services for government purchase. So working out a guiding directive of social work service items is the prerequisite for government to purchase the serve. As the studies of the directives of social work services for government purchase in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong have shown, it is necessary to topdesign, comprehensively and in line of Chinese characteristics, the mode, form, channel and content of government purchasing social work service, to adjust, enrich and perfect the policies and regulations for government purchasing social work service, and to fully embody the professional properties of social work. The directory should be a guide, allowing local governments to make necessary adjustments according to the local situation. Meanwhile, the government should follow the basic laws of service purchase to promote the standardization and transparency of the relevant process and implement marketoriented operation, contractbased management, thirdparty assessment and social supervision.

Poverty alleviation and development policy and rural minimal social security system are our countrys basic economic and social policies of combating rural poverty. They are consistent in the macro goal of combating rural poverty, but are different in terms of specific policy concept, value, object, nature and target. Our state has put forward the effective connection between rural minimal social security system and poverty alleviation and development policy, reflecting a change in rural antipoverty policy. Currently the prominent problems existing in the trial connection of the two policies mainly consist in the difficulty in recognizing the policy objects and dynamic governance, the high cost, and the lack in reverse encouragement and equality. With regard to the elements of policies, our country needs to emphasize the theoretical logic and innovation of operational mode in designing and implementing the rural antipoverty policy, specifically regulate the critical details, increase the investment of poverty alleviation funds, achieve the full potential of social organizations, and stress the coordination, consistency and completeness of policies.

This study compares two paths of analyzing social policy. On the one hand, researchers may look to explain the historical development of East Asian welfare systems (EAWS) with an eye towards delineating some common trends. On the other hand, they may seek to recognize the institutional features of these systems through the crossregime comparisons. After discussing the possible problems in the operation of these two approaches, the study advocates employing contextual analysis to illuminate developments in social policy in EAWS. It proposes to understand the policy model of these systems from the evolutionary perspective so as to provide a new approach to the study of EAWS.

Presently the construction of communities into peaceful ones with good security order mainly takes two forms: governmentdirected and communitypropelled. The former plays a dominant role. This research proposes that the key to constructing the current safe communities lies in turning the construction from the government domination towards the community autonomy. As China is in a period of social transition, public security problems are common in communities. In the construction of safe communities, too much reliance on the government is prone to leading to community dependency and wearing down their willpower. Community is a micro social body. The autonomy shift in “safe community” construction is of substantial significance either to fully exploiting and using community resources or to cultivating and developing the mechanism of community selfgovernance.

This thesis presents a databased analysis of the impact of such variables as administrative strength and village characteristic on the rate of different villages participation in new agricultural insurance. It is found that, on different levels of significance, there are only three objective variables, viz. publicity, per capita income and the proportion of outflow population impact the rate of participating insurance, while the remaining variables are not significant. And the three variables degree of impact weakens in the order of publicity, per capita income and the proportion of outflowing population. In addition, it is found that all the subjective variables do not produce any significant effect on the participation in new agricultural insurance. These findings are analyzed and expounded in the thesis.

With the growth of professional social work in mainland China since the late 1990s, the issues that social work field education should take into consideration have been changing. It is necessary to explore, deeply and integrally, those essential subjects such as an integral understanding of social work field education target at different levels and about different contents, and the connotation, style and structure of reflective learning practice for the purpose of students autonomous professional cultivation as well as compensation for the inadequacy of their classroom education. These studies are conducive to the division and cooperation in social work field instruction between the educational and practical sectors, forging and revealing the professional values of social work field training.

From the practical point of view, the current cultivation of Taiwanese social work supervisors is mainly conducted by nongovernmental professionals (or trade associations), with the authority only restricting the rough education background, qualification and number of social work supervisors. The cultivation usually takes two forms, namely in and outside the organizations. The former is characterized by opportunity exploitation, purposeful cultivation and mandatory promotion, while the latter is carried out by either professional associations or external supervisors, carried out by teachers in high learning institutions or senior practitioners. The professional associations often give some courses, which last from several days to even months. With the increasing demand for social work supervisors and unavoidable flow of talents, the concurrent model of training supervisors and marshaling peer supervisors as substitutes will be beneficial to the hatching of supervision talents.