Scientific methods can broaden the scope of social work service and promote its sustainable development. The close relationship of soft matter with our daily life sets up a bridge between soft matter science and social work. The recent study of childhood obesity reveals its close correlation with the children’s bad dietary habits formed at their early life with excessive consumption of sugar overloaded in soft drinks and juices. The difficulty in weight control lies in how to achieve energy balance of the body when the physiology of the body is at the socalled energy expenditure threshold value because of less physical activity undertaken. The functional foods might provide an effective tool for weight control. The current main task of social work service is to progress from the publicrescue service towards multilevel specialization and professionalization. The research and development of soft matter will further the scientific basis for social work and become a catalyst for its sustainable development.

This paper first reviews three historical stages of social work development in Hong Kong in relation to helping young people overcome the employment problems: from periphery to core, from singleness to comprehensiveness and ultimately breaking through the bottleneck. Then the paper applies the concepts of human capital (micro), social capital (mezzo) and demand insufficiency (macro) to summarize the models employed by social workers in Hong Kong. In the aspect of human capital, social workers help unemployed young people in accordance with their learning ability and motivation, provide onestop employment services, and assist students in career planning. In the aspect of social capital, social workers enhance the employment opportunities for the vulnerable young people and reconstruct their social network. In addition, social workers solve the supply problem by creating jobs, delivering services to cultivate entrepreneurship and selfemployment of young people and developing social enterprises. These models have some implications for social work in Mainland China. First, the integration of social capital investment can be effective in promoting youth employment. Second, social workers can cooperate with enterprises and public institutions and even create shortterm jobs for young people. Last but not the least, the effective employment service should focus on the process of assessment, training, consultation and followup. However, all of these are premised on the development of social work agencies specializing in employment services for young people in Mainland China.

The institutionalization, specialization and professionalization of social work is conducive to social construction. In Shenzhen social work is run by nongovernmental organizations, the services of which are purchased by the government. In Guangzhou social work is characterized by cooperation between civil administration on the one hand and colleges and social organizations on the other, which proceeds in two ways: government contracting professional social work organizations to undertake the entire package of comprehensive community services and streetlevel government funding social work organizations. Guangzhou and Shenzhen are devoted to the localization of social work and the innovation of their respective models, exploring new approaches to building happy and harmonious Guangdong.

 

This paper takes the children of rural workers as the object of research, describes their sense of belonging to the city they live in, and explores the factors influencing their sense of urban belonging with regression analysis. The study finds that their sense of urban belonging is of a contradictory nature, with relatively high degrees but low levels. The social factors underlying this situation include contact desire, nostalgia, adaptation to urban life, attitude, participation and social acceptance. The most fundamental factor that affects their urban attachment is the current residence registration system and a consequent series of system arrangements relating to education, urban management, etc.  

Interviews and questionnaires among social workers in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan, who can represent the whole picture of Guangdong Province, reveal the following findings. Job satisfaction of social workers in Guangdong Province is high in general; there is significant variations among the three cities: job satisfaction is the highest in Dongguan and the lowest in Shenzhen; salary and benefits, professional identity and social identity are the three major factors that influence social worker’s job satisfaction. Therefore, we should continually raise the salary of social workers and, by promoting professionalization, implementing social work policies and stepping up publicity efforts, progressively improve professional identity and social identity of social workers so as to stabilize a social work force.  

In recent years, the development of social work organizations in Guangzhou is of a blowout type because of the huge investment by the government. Through participant observation，the authors find that the social work organizations in Guangzhou face the following dilemmas in their operation: their organizational structure exhibits more homogeneity than localization, their staff are inadequate and suffer an occupational burnout, they lack longterm and scientific planning, their source of fund is single and inefficient, and they have not yet established a credit and supervision mechanism. These problems are testified to in the family comprehensive service center in G street. The authors put forward the following countermeasures: putting emphasis on performance evaluation and raising the minimum limit of tolerance zone, establishing a credit and supervision mechanism and creating a transparent and open environment, and increasing working staff and promoting open communication.  

The current migrant children welfare policy in China covers all areas of migrant children’s lives, guarding their basic rights such as survival, development and protection. However, the policy is not free from problems. For example, it fails to form a national and clearly targeted children welfare policy framework under the guidance of the Children Welfare Law; it lacks a set of institutional arrangements for the safety of children in terms of migrant children survival policy; it lacks relevant regulations for prohibiting the abuse of children in terms of migrant children protection policy; and it lacks relevant policies for the children’s participation in social life in terms of migrant children development policy. Some recommendations are thus made for constructing the framework of modern migrant children welfare policy in China. The construction should be based on the theoretical basis of developmentoriented social welfare policy, take into account of factors affecting migrant children welfare, such as family, school, community and legislation, and design a toplevel strategy for migrant children’s mid and longterm development as well as a set of bottomlevel policies concerning investment in human capital, employment support, and humanistic care.

Villagers’ autonomy, dating back to the 1980s, has developed vastly in rural China. It has, no doubt, brought huge changes to the countryside. In the process, however, it has also resulted in serious damage of minority interests due to some obsolete ideology, inadequate legal system, negligence of the interests of the minority, and lack of administrative restriction. A solution to the problems of minority interests can start with constructing relevant systems, nurturing village cadres’ lawabiding consciousness and villagers’ rights protection consciousness, and establishing a supervision and restriction mechanism so as to achieve a favorable environment for reducing the damage of minority interests.  

Relatives of cancer patients suffer increasing pressure, as they have to face the patients’ pain and take longterm care of them. This study selects some relatives of cancer patients at a tumor hospital in H province and explores how to positively reduce their pressure with a team offering relief services to them. Through professional reflection of the whole process it discovers that professional services should be based on the needs of the clients, social workers should be more conscious of their professional role, and they should play the role of integrating various resources in order to achieve a better effect.
 

 Taking “Peer Education Group ‘Nirvana Rebirth’” as an example, this paper presents an introduction to peer education in community rehabilitation in its five aspects: analysis and forecast, service projects, service implementation, summative evaluation and professional reflection. The case shows the intervention process called “construction of meaning of life”. Starting from the perspective of advantage and meaning construction theory, it uses the method of group social work to train peer counselors and prompt rehabilitation personnel to realize “selfhelp, mutual aid and return to society” through the three paths of “self discovery”, “emotional experience” and “meaning construction”.  

As the rules and regulations for managing largescale instruments in universities across the country demonstrate, the mainstream method of running largescale instruments in universities is to provide open access, special management and paid service. A management committee for largescale instruments is founded and special staffers, who are certified, are appointed to take charge of the operation. Revenue management is not intended for profit, the fees paid by customers consisting of consumable supplies cost and service fee, and the shared revenue is distributed according to the specific situation of instrument use. Despite the positive efficiency achieved, there are still some problems, such as lack of support for sustainable development and lack of motivation for opening the facilities to the public. To improve the work, an alliance for largescale instrument sharing, a performance evaluation system, a platform for information filing and retrieval and service booking, and relevant regulations should be established.

Based on an analysis of the relationship between consumption surroundings of college campus and students’ consumption habit and an investigation into students’ consumption in eight colleges and consumption environment in Longdong, Guangzhou City, this article points out that the consumption environment around college campuses and the consumption of college students are mutually influenced and proposes that multiple measures, involving the government, college, family, society and public opinion, are needed to create a good consumption environment around college campuses and promote students to develop a consumption habit that emphasizes civilization, thrift, greenness and low carbon.