The professional social work is a complicate action system that relies on a rational and effective institution, i.e. a certain model of organization and related systems. In China, the professional social work institutional development has got obvious progress, but it is still incomplete. It is imperative to reinforce the institutional development of social work. Based on the analysis of advantages and shortcomings of various kinds of institutions in China’s social work, this paper indicates the necessities and basic requirements of establishing a diversified social work system, and analyzes the current institutional problems in China’s social work. Currently, there are non-governmental professional social work agent institution, community-based social work institution, and enterprises & social services based social work institution, but the institution system is still incomplete.It is necessary, according to the requirement of construction of the people's livelihood and social governance, to develop public social work services, complete the multiple institution system of social work, reinforce the capacity building of each kind of institution, complete the functional divisions and improve the cooperation among social work services in different kind of institutions.

Analyzing 604 social workers who intended to leave, this research found that a minority of these social workers were searching for new job opportunities while majority were not. Compared with the latter, the turnover intentions of the former are more balanced in gender distribution. They are younger, and working shorter years in the social industry, having stronger willingness to leave, higher job burnout, lower job satisfaction, lower professional identity, and more negative evaluation of the organizational environment. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, working years in the field of social work, intention to leave, profession burnout, and professional identity increase or reduce the probability of social workers taking actions to seek opportunities to leave the social work industry. The results of this study provide important implications for social work institutions to prevent the loss of social workers.

In the global anti-poverty campaign, social work is widely assigned an important action role. Although poverty has long been recognized as one of the key tasks to be solved by social work, what kind of professional strategy should be more effectively developed to fight against poverty is still a controversial issue and worthy of reflection. The two paradigms developed by traditional anti-poverty social work—the conservative paradigm and the structural paradigm—are facing more and more challenges in current situation. Anti-poverty social work has long been assumed to be depoliticized, decontextualized, and value-free, which ignores the deep impact of professional relationship on the people in poverty and anti-poverty activities. Focusing on the professional relationship between social workers and the poor, anti-poverty social work has shown the wane of traditional paradigms and the boom of new ideas.

With the development of medical social work, the research on medical social work has gradually increased, but in the related researches, the organization of medical social work department has always been ignored. Moreover, although it is called "Medical Social Work Department", due to the influence of the legitimacy mechanism and the efficiency mechanism and their joint effects, it is impossible to achieve the goal set in the policy text-"relieving the contradiction between doctors and patients and providing convenience for patients". Thus, Medical Social Work Department isn’t consistent with its name in reality, and is changed to hospital social work. This "alienation" state also greatly hinders the healthy operation of the Medical Social Work Department. It needs to be corrected by playing the protective role of the legality mechanism, avoiding the restriction of the efficiency mechanism, and preventing the malignant transformation of the legality mechanism.

The third-party evaluation can meet the requirements of the principal, whose evaluation procedures are legal and normative, and the evaluation can play a regulatory role. The principal's risk-avoidance principle makes it attach great importance to capital supervision, therefore the evaluation positioning is unclear, making the evaluation a regulatory tool. Based on the response needs and cost-oriented logic, the assessors choose to focus on “trace management” and fund supervision, but pay little attention to effect evaluation. Government purchasers are not “smart buyers” and social organization contractors are not mature service providers, which are the main sources of “unprofessional” third-party evaluations. Grassroots local governments and social organizations tend to “co-conspire”, which makes the evaluation show a situation that is scientific in form but cannot be strictly enforced in practice. The problems in the implementation of the third-party evaluation can be solved by improving the access standard of the evaluation party, training the buyer to become a smart buyer, and supervising the receiver to become a qualified service providers.

Based on the social paradigm of constructivism, the theoretical framework of new managerialism and professionalism, and the development history of foreign social work evaluation, this current research found that the local social work evaluation standards were changing and developing through the data collected by the author who participated in social work project evaluation in District D of Guangdong from 2010 to 2018. The article summarized the evolution of social work evaluation standards in District D into 4 stages and types, namely the work-report type, management-norm type, professional-norm type and professional-experience type. Also, the article argued that in the past eight years, social work evaluation had become professional for the reason that the government and the social work industry had adopted negotiation strategies with compromise and persistence when they tried to implement their own minds in the evaluation standard design, resulting in a temporary balance during the dynamic game between the government purchasers’ managerial mind and the service providers’ professional mind. However, as the service users had little access to the construction of the evaluation standards, the author believed that the social work evaluation in District D indicated an unfinished professionalization of social work. Therefore, it is suggested that the government should continuously improve the management level, the evaluators should actively participate in the design or modification of evaluation standards, social work agencies and project social workers should take the initiative to summarize and share professional experience, and the service objects should be empowered to participate in the evaluation.

China will experience rapid aging in the next 30 years, and how to deal with the problem of aging is a multidisciplinary proposition. Comparing the long-term care model of the elderly at home and abroad, it is found that there are still obvious deficiencies in China in terms of demand mining, service assessment and evidence think tank. The improvement of evidence-based social work intervention in the long-term care model of the elderly should first clarify the rights and liabilities of the multi-party system from the the framework level; combine the environment, preferences and characteristics as well as scientific evidence to obtain the best evidence, and then implement the best evidence according to the five classical steps of evidence-based practice, namely determining needs, evaluating evidence, program design, service evaluation and summation and feedback, so as to improve the existing long-term care model for the elderly and provide social workers reference of scientific intervention in aging.

Based on 984 valid CNKI sample documents from 2001 to 2018 and through the method and principle of co-word analysis, the hot topics and development trend of the “shidu” research in China in the past 18 years were presented by using the technology of knowledge map visualization. The research results show that there are five hot topics in the “shidu” study: assisting (rescuing), supporting for the aged, legal rights protection and compensation for one-child policy, current situation-problems-causes-countermeasures, psychological and spiritual research. Through the strategic coordinate map, it is found that the five hot topics are in different status and developmental stages. Among them, the research on “support for the aged ”is the most mature, and it is at the core of the whole research network. The research on “assisting (rescuing) ”is a promising areas in the future, while other topics are relatively marginal. In the future, the overall focus on the “shidu” study will decline. However, the two hotspots of the research on “assisting (rescuing) ”and “support for the aged”, have sustained influence in the “shidu” study.

The education practice in universities and colleges is an important measure to deepen the reform of college education and improve the quality of personnel training. As a branch of social work, school social work is similar to the education practice in colleges and universities in terms of its ideas, targets and functions. Universities can learn the ideas and methods of school social work, explore new ways to practice and solve the plight of traditional education practice. In terms of content, follow the principles of individualization, acceptance and self-determination, so as to highlight the differences in practical content and humanistic care; in terms of methods, use methods such as cases, groups, and communities to improve the quality of practical education services and promote individuals and society development; as for the mechanism, improve laws and regulations, establish a dynamic evaluation system, build a community of practice education, and construct a long-term mechanism of practice education in universities.

With the high attention paid by the supreme authority to the positive role of professional social work in social governance and the promotion of the strategy of mutual recognition of professional qualifications in the field of social work among Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, the legislation of social work market has become increasingly urgent. At present, there are three kinds of legal modes in social work market, i.e. laissez-faire access, permissive access and incentive access. The incentive access mode, which combines the advantages of permissive access mode and laissez-faire access mode, is created by China. The incentive access mode has divided social work market into professional social work market and general social work market, leading to a dual market structure. In the future, Dual Law Adjusting Structure can be adopted to formulate the Registered Social Worker Act, establish the legal systems of International Social Work Education Project Authentication, Social Worker Professional Level Authentication, Practice Registration and so on, adjust the professional social work market with the Registered Social Worker Act while the general social work market will be regulated by the common rule of law of the market prevailing in all kinds of markets.

From the perspective of multi-level governance, the continuous development of grass-roots public policy advisory system needs to improve the multi-level government innovation frameworks, and to clarify the main responsibility and power boundaries of central, provincial, municipal and grass-roots governments. Multi-level government innovation presents different characteristics at different stages.With the gradual deepening of grass-roots consultation system in public decision-making, the issues involved are becoming more and more complicated. It is necessary to emphasize the comprehensive role of multi-level government based on a panoramic perspective.Therefore, the central government should further grant grass-roots governments more space to achieve self-innovation; the provincial governments should make full use of provincial authority to develop top-level design and strengthen system supply.The municipal governments should improve platform construction and resource links.The grass-roots governments should accomplish the concrete implementation of the grass-roots consultation system in public decision-making.