The Chinese-style modernisation provides the theoretical basis, epistemological premises, methodological guidelines and value cornerstones for the development of social work in China. Chinese-style modeization has important epistemological and methodological values in promoting the localization of social work and realizing the theoretical consciousness and theoretica confidence of social work in China.In this new era, the development of social work should be based on Chinese practice, keeping pace with the times，reinforcing the main idea and demonstrating confidence and tolerance,in addition ,put into practice the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, to promote the excellent Chinese tradition and culture, to answer the questions of the times, and ultimately to build a Chinese social work discourse and knowledge system.In conclusion, the new Chinese-style social work is people-oriented, with the goal of common prosperity and a vision of a better life. It will promote the building of a community of human destiny in a way that the people build, govern and share together.

The construction of a professional competence scale of medical social workers can address the shortage of current research and provide a reference for promoting the professional competence of this group. This study developed a preliminary scale through four steps, including national policy interpretation, normative reference, literature review, and practical opinions. Using 305 medical social workers as research subjects, a factor analysis was conducted to verify and construct a medical social workers’ professional competency scale with 21 items and three dimensions, including practical operation, value ethics, multidisciplinary cooperation, and advocacy. The analysis demonstrated high credibility and validity of this scale. It can be used to measure the professional competence of medical social workers and provide a reference for their cultivation, selection, training, and assessment.

One of the important signs of the standardization and maturity of social work research lies in the improvement of the standardization and applicability of research methods. The study uses content analysis to examine the use of research methods from the papers in key academic journals related to social work between 2017 and 2021 in China. By a longitudinal comparison between the statistical data and the early data of the same journals, as well as a horizontal comparison with the corresponding data of research methods in the top international journals, Research on Social Work Practice and Social Work, the study aims to quest for the tendency and orientation of social work research methods at the present stage. After analyzing the data, the study finds that Chinese social work research has presented an empirical research orientation, and the proportion of scholars who use quantitative research methods has also increased significantly. This reflects the internationalization and paradigm shift of social work discipline development, and the tendency towards standardization of traditional qualitative research. However, the social work research in China still focuses on speculative research, and quantitative research is still inadequate. Academic standardization and research depth need to be strengthened. At the same time, social work research in China still lacks academic influence and appeal due to the absence of authoritative journals of social work. Overall, there is still room for improvement in Chinese social work research.

For a long time, Social workers have pursued the purpose of “life on life”. That is, social workers enter the life of clients with an understanding of life and bring about changes. But under the orientation of positivism, social workers only pay attention to clients and cannot take care of their own life status in reality. This contradiction has triggered the issue of “self care” in social work. Through a critical understanding of “self care”, the author puts forward the social work turn of “life care”, which refers to Frankl’s thought of life meaning, tries to build a framework of creating a work narrative, experiencing truth, kindness, and love, and meeting suffering with empathy. Finally, it is suggested that the content of “life care” should be integrated into the professional education curriculum.

For a long time, the importance of care work has been neglected, and the “disempowerment” of care work for care workers mainly comes from two aspects: physical labor and emotional labor, which hinders the improvement of the professional situation of the care workers. For physical labor, the caregiver community affirms the specialization of nursing work by emphasizing professionalism and ethics; For emotional labor, caregivers carry out subjective empowerment from the two dimensions of superficial economic returns and deep emotional relationships, and show obvious pragmatic characteristics. The “disempowerment” of care work and the subjective empowerment strategy of caregiver groups affect the quality of caregiving practice, and a professional and humanized nursing system should be built from the professional treatment, training and industry management system of caregivers, and the role of professional social work in the empowerment of caregivers should be brought into play.

Based on the in-depth interview data of 56 cases in Henan, Jiangxi, and Sichuan provinces, this paper constructs a demand-oriented model of a care service system for rural left-behind women through three-level coding with Grounded Theory approach. It is found that the needs satisfaction of rural left-behind women is still largely focused on the “scarcity needs”, and less related to the “growth needs”. Combined with the theory of social support and hierarchy of needs, the study holds that the construction and improvement of the care service system for rural left-behind women urgently require the cooperation and participation of multiple forces, such as the state, society, and family. Efforts are also needed from the multiple forces to provide rural left-behind women with primary services such as family livelihood, basic life, health care, family care, children’s education, labor production, emotional care, and cultural activities. Further, the care service system also needs to attach importance to rural left-behind women’s self-esteem and self-realization needs, guide the establishment of advanced gender culture concepts, strengthen targeted employment and entrepreneurship services, help them to improve their physical and mental health and quality of life, and then make them the promoters and beneficiaries of the rural revitalization strategy.

Intergenerational and intragenerational differences in caregiving affect the quality of caregiving and patients’ quality of life. Based on the framework of social development theory, this study analyzes 19 offspring caregivers and 10 spouse caregivers, examines the characteristics and causes of intergenerational caregiving differences, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions. Intergenerational caregiving differences have developed and formed explanatory factors in the changes of care concepts and care systems. Intergenerational caregiving differences with dementia are reflected in three levels: emotional and recognition conflicts, treatment awareness, and care mode selection. The evolving self-strength improves the quality of caregiving through scientific caregiving with the concept and the culture of care. Social services for the elderly provide caregiving to make up for the lack of support in family caregiving. The integration of the caregivers’ self-strength and social service strength in social development forms intergenerational caregiving differences. The combination of the two can better provide services for patients with dementia. Facing intergenerational caregiving differences can also provide a better path for caregiving services.

Urban communities are important for citizens to live and carry out diverse activities. It also serves as a basic unit of public health risk management. Exploring resilient community from a spatial dimension is an important solution for the government to deal with public health risks in an orderly way. However, the imbalance in the differential patterns of community space in diversified cities, the insufficient supply of community infrastructure and public service space, the lack of allocation of community space resources, and the weakening of ecological space basic resources all affect and restrict the construction of resilient communities. Spatial resilience provides guidance and practical value for effectively preventing and defusing major public health risks in urban communities. Through spatial resilience governance, the health, safety, and sustainable development of urban communities can be promoted from various perspectives, including concept and planning resilience, infrastructure and public service supply resilience, resource allocation resilience, and ecological space resilience, to enhance urban resilience and the modernization of national emergency management.

Civil supportive organizations(CSOs) can make an important contribution in social governance. However, academics have primarily focused on their business operations and modes of interaction with the external environment, neglecting the phenomenon of organizational transformation and internal action strategies. This paper takes organization X as a case sample, and analyzes how CSOs respond to external environmental changes and construct survival space via participatory observation and in-depth interviews under the framework of sociological new institutionalism. It is found that these organizations adopt four transformation strategies: business community-shift, re-agency, ecological role positioning and resource structure diversification. The driving force of business transformation of private support organizations comes from the conflict and integration between legitimacy and efficiency, and finally shows the phenomenon of “loose association”. Through the re-agency strategy, private organizations establish a “semi-embedded competitive cooperation” relationship with government-run organizations. This relationship also exists as a ceremonial behavior, thus enhancing the legitimacy of organizations at the official level. In the face of market and technological environments, private organizations build competitiveness by developing ecological roles and expanding their resource structures to achieve stable conditions of survival. The conclusion is that the formation of organizational transformation action strategy is based on the mechanism of legitimacy and efficiency, and is the dynamic result of adaptability and compatibility with the external environment. This shows that legitimacy and efficiency are not necessarily one of the two for social organizations, and can be compatible under the conditions of legalization of “informal means” of organizations. The enlightenment to the transformation practice of social organizations is that we should pay attention to the transformation action strategy of organizations from the perspective of legitimacy and ritual behavior.

Child directors are direct providers of child care and protection. The construction of the team of child directors is an important basis for good child care and protection. Taking H County, a typical economically underdeveloped county, as an example, this research analyzes the performance of children directors in Northwestern China. Our survey shows that the team of child directors is generally younger, with higher educational background, consists of more female practitioners, has a lower holding rate of professional qualification certificates, enjoys lower allowance, and works shorter time. Child directors are also more likely to work part-time and have a higher mobility rate. Child directors have many problems performing their duties, such as insufficient working time, high mobility, incomplete work content, and biased focus. Child directors also encounter many difficulties and significant pressures. The profound reason is that the post setting of children director is unreasonable: the job is unstable and lacks effective supervision; practitioners are generally incompetent and unprofessional; there is inadequate corresponding supervision , and the system and mechanisms of children’s work are not sound. Our research suggests that we need to create job posts of child directors practically and realistically in Northwestern China to enhance the stability of the post. Further efforts should be made to cultivate and preserve the professional talents of children directors. Further, more should be done to strengthen the top-level design of children’s work and improve the supervision and security mechanism for children’s work.